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IELTS Reading онлайн Тест №1 английского на понимание текста

27.06.2024
#Тесты

Добро пожаловать на IELTS Reading онлайн Тест №1, разработанный для улучшения ваших навыков понимания текста на английском языке. Этот тест поможет вам подготовиться к экзамену IELTS, предоставляя практические задания, которые максимально приближены к реальным экзаменационным условиям. Начните тест прямо сейчас и узнайте, насколько хорошо вы понимаете сложные тексты на английском!

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The Enigmatic World of Bioluminescence: Nature's Light Show

Overview
Bioluminescence, the production and emission of light by living organisms, stands as one of nature’s most fascinating phenomena. This captivating light show, orchestrated by a variety of creatures from deep-sea organisms to terrestrial insects, not only enchants human observers but also plays a crucial role in the survival strategies of these organisms.

Ecological Significance
The primary function of bioluminescence is communication. Marine species like the anglerfish use this luminous capability to lure prey close enough to capture, while fireflies light up to attract mates. This natural luminescence can also serve as a defense mechanism, helping creatures to evade predators by startling them or masking their silhouette in deeper waters.

Biological Mechanism
At the core of bioluminescence is a chemical reaction involving luciferin (a light-emitting molecule), luciferase (an enzyme), oxygen, and sometimes calcium or ATP. When these components combine, light is produced without the significant heat that typically accompanies incandescence. The color of the bioluminescent glow can vary from blue to green, red, or yellow, depending on the specific chemical properties of the luciferin used by different species.

Evolutionary Perspective
Bioluminescence has independently evolved multiple times across the tree of life, suggesting its significant adaptive value. The phenomenon is predominantly marine, with over 90% of deep-sea organisms exhibiting some form of luminescence. Terrestrial bioluminescence, although less common, is most notably present in several species of fungi and insects, suggesting a remarkable evolutionary convergence.

Technological Inspirations
Researchers have been inspired by natural bioluminescence to develop new technologies. One of the most notable applications is in the field of medical imaging, where bioluminescent proteins have been used to track the spread of cancer cells and monitor the effectiveness of treatments in real-time. This biotechnology offers a less invasive and highly effective method for studying disease processes.

Conservation and Challenges
Despite its allure, bioluminescence remains threatened by environmental changes, including pollution and habitat destruction. The light emitted by organisms in polluted environments is often diminished, which can disrupt their communication and survival. Conservation efforts are critical to preserving these natural light spectacles and the ecosystems that support them.

Conclusion
Bioluminescence illuminates the depth of nature’s creativity—its ability to engineer survival through light. This phenomenon not only underscores the interconnectedness of life but also offers promising pathways for technological advancements. As we continue to explore and learn from these natural marvels, it becomes increasingly important to protect them as part of our global heritage.

Комплексный тест из трех заданий

Bioluminescence is used only by deep-sea organisms.
The text states that bioluminescence is orchestrated by a variety of creatures, not only deep-sea organisms but also terrestrial insects, indicating its use across different environments.
Fireflies use bioluminescence to attract prey.
According to the text, fireflies light up to attract mates, not prey. This function is specifically linked to communication for reproductive purposes.
Bioluminescence involves a chemical reaction that produces light without significant heat.
The text describes that at the core of bioluminescence is a chemical reaction involving luciferin and luciferase, which produces light without the significant heat that typically accompanies incandescence.
The phenomenon of bioluminescence has evolved only in marine organisms.
The text indicates that bioluminescence has independently evolved multiple times across the tree of life, including in several species of fungi and insects, suggesting its presence in both marine and terrestrial organisms.
All bioluminescent colors are the same across different species.
The color of the bioluminescent glow can vary from blue to green, red, or yellow, depending on the specific chemical properties of the luciferin used by different species, as mentioned in the text.
Bioluminescent technology is used in medical imaging to track the spread of cancer cells.
The text highlights that researchers have used bioluminescent proteins in medical imaging to track the spread of cancer cells and monitor the effectiveness of treatments in real-time.
Bioluminescence is not affected by environmental factors such as pollution.
The text notes that bioluminescence is threatened by environmental changes, including pollution which can diminish the light emitted by organisms, disrupting their communication and survival.
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